What does symbolism mean in literature?

In literature, symbolism refers to the practice of using a physical object or tangible element to represent an abstract idea or concept. This technique allows writers to convey deeper meanings and emotions beyond the literal interpretation. For example, a dove might symbolize peace, or a heart might symbolize love. By using symbols, authors can create layers of meaning in their work, engaging readers to think critically about the connections between the symbolism and the themes being explored.

The other options presented do not accurately reflect the definition of symbolism. Choices that involve historical references, stanza arrangements, or repetition of sounds focus on different literary concepts and techniques, rather than the core idea of using objects to symbolize more complex ideas.